The Efficacy of Anti-Parasitic Treatments for Controlling Tick-Borne Diseases in Dogs and Cattle

Abstract

Tick-borne diseases (TBDs) represent a significant threat to animal health and livestock productivity, particularly affecting dogs and cattle globally. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of anti-parasitic treatments and integrated control strategies for managing tick infestations and associated pathogens. Through a systematic secondary analysis of peer-reviewed literature and surveillance data, the research assessed acaricide effectiveness, vaccine availability, resistance trends, and sustainability of various control approaches. Results indicated that isoxazoline-based acaricides (e.g., fluralaner, afoxolaner) provided the highest efficacy and longest protection duration in dogs, whereas commonly used cattle acaricides such as amitraz and ivermectin showed moderate efficacy and a higher risk of resistance. Vaccine efficacy varied across pathogens; Borrelia burgdorferi vaccines provided efficient protection to dogs but protection rates for Babesia bovis and Anaplasma marginale vaccines in cattle were only partial. Studies using integrated pest management (IPM) strategies revealed 85% effectiveness in pest control while showing the least resistance risk compared to using individual methods. Statistical analysis showed that treatment effectiveness linked directly to its duration of implementation and detailed environmental aspects of adoption rates between different control strategies. The study highlighted the pressing requirement for environmentally friendly control methods because excessive chemical treatment development has caused both acaricide resistance and ecological destruction. Molecular diagnostics and GIS-based mapping surveillance tools identified crucial infection zones and tracked pathogen movements effectively. Research indicates that successful TBD management requires adopting an integrated One Health framework by combining chemical treatments with biological methods and environmental measures alongside immunological interve The study highlights why integrated veterinary and public health cooperation leads to the development of innovative sustainable solutions tailored for specific regions